题型精析06.完形填空之夹叙夹议突破4法(原卷版).docx
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1、06.完形填空之夹叙夹议【题型总览】 夹叙夹议文是高考完形填空中最有难度的体裁, 所选文章语言地道、寓意深刻、可读性强, 一般有以下两种结构特点:1. 先叙述作者亲历或所见所闻的一件事情, 然后针对这件事情发表自己的看法, 或揭示生活的真理。2. 先提出一种观点或看法, 然后用事例说明, 最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。在做这类文章时, 抓住作者的观点或作者阐述的生活哲理是关键, 因为作者叙述所发生的事例是为作者要表达的思想服务的, 考点设置也是围绕这一主题的。 【突破策略】【策略1】活用逻辑析答案虽然高考完形填空越来越淡化对语法的考查, 但是一个语意连贯的语篇必须通过省略、指代、原因等语法
2、关联手段来实现, 命题人常利用这些关联制造语境, 设置考点。所以说, 把逻辑关系活用好, 答案就会板上钉钉。【真题示例】(2023全国甲卷完形填空节选)Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we41 there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike making its way down the hill toward us. A. waitedB. metC. campedD. sta
3、yed【答题思路】根据前文“I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer”可知, 作者在当地买了房子, 所以there就是指代房子, 因此, 正常逻辑推理是:第一次住在那里的时候, 我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的突突声。故选D项。【策略2】背景知识析答案完形填空的语篇中渗透着文化、科学、民俗等方面的知识, 有些选项的设置也与此有关。在做题时, 积极运用相关背景知识, 将会“事半功倍”找到答案。【真题示例】(2023全国乙卷完形填空节选)By 55 the Olympic all-around ti
4、tle, she became the first black woman to do so. A. clarifyingB. defendingC. winningD. demanding 【答题思路】背景知识: the Olympic all-around(奥运全能)是指好几项比赛, 只有拥有多样才能和高超的技术的运动员才能赢得奥运会全能冠军。这也验证了后半句she became the first black woman to do so(她成为第一位获得这一殊荣的黑人女性)。故选C项。【策略3】平行结构现答案平行结构指结构形式相同, 内容语法一致的句子或词组排列的语言现象。高考命题者常
5、利用其特点来设空。因此, 掌握这一结构将会大大提高做题效率。【真题示例】 (2023全国乙卷完形填空节选)To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she41best. She had to42her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say43to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to ride waves on her bo
6、ard. 41. A. triedB. thoughtC. judgedD. knew42. A. take upB. pack upC. clean upD. do up43. A. goodbyeB. helloC. thanksD. no【答题思路】41, 42和43这三个设空处所在句子是平行结构, 把这三个句子整体阅读分析可知:为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军, Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切。她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚州的卧室。她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。故选D、B、A项。【策略4】同义复现现答案同义复现不是原词复现, 但它和原词复现的
7、功能是异曲同工的。同义复现是通过原词的同源词、同根词或相近意义的词来表达句意。只要掌握了这一技法, 就能迅速且准确地发现答案。【真题示例】(2023浙江1月卷完形填空节选)The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to witness a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the 42. A. courtyardsB. fie
8、lds C. treetopsD. caves【答题思路】句意:在埃塞俄比亚东南部, 手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk. ”和选项C. treetops 构成同义复现, 故选C项。【题型精练】1My phone was an extension of myself. I couldnt go anywhere 1 it. I scrolled through my friends 2 into late night and turned my phone on before my eyes were fully open. I enjoyed
9、 having it until that day when I realized that what had started as a useful tool had turned into a(n) 3 . So, I made a 4 decision to turn off that smartphone and 5 my old dumb phone out of hiding.When I was watching TV shows or movies and there was a boring part, I 6 picking up the phone and checkin
10、g out “what everyone else was doing.” Now I had to pay attention or find a way to 7 myself with my thoughts instead. When I visited New York City, I had to write out 8 and ask people where an intersection (十字路口) was 9 pulling out my phone.I have welcomed silence into my life with open arms and am en
11、joying the increased 10 from not constantly having to fight with the 11 to check my phone while Im trying to get something done. I am allowing my thoughts to speak to me instead of my phone. I am connecting with others in a 12 way that isnt all about me. Instead of always posting about whats going o
12、n in my 13 perfect life, I am connecting with my friends one-on-one, talking about the reality of our lives and being there for them from a place of 14 .As much as having a smartphone was 15 , not having one is freeing on a much bigger level.1. A. throughB. withoutC. despiteD. upon2. A. updatesB. in
13、structionsC. assessmentsD. decisions3. A. symbolB. responsibilityC. realityD. addiction4. A. consciousB. shamefulC. foolishD. random5. A. sellB. pullC. throwD. mind6. A. avoidedB. deniedC. missedD. allowed7. A. assistB. improveC. associateD. occupy8. A. requestsB. thoughtsC. directionsD. comments9.
14、A. instead ofB. regardless ofC. but forD. apart from10. A. creativityB. productivityC. knowledgeD. independence11. A. routineB. necessityC. lonelinessD. temptation12. A. genuineB. gratefulC. directD. desperate13. A. naturallyB. certainlyC. seeminglyD. gradually14. A. wonderB. imaginationC. interestD
15、. authenticity15. A. depressiveB. comfortableC. stressfulD. boring2Over the past few decades, technology has profoundly transformed the way we live and work. The digital revolution has brought about 16 changes to industries, economies, and societies worldwide. As we continue to navigate this rapidly
16、 changing landscape, it is crucial to understand the 17 impact of technology on various aspects of our lives.In the realm of employment, automation and artificial intelligence (AI) are reshaping job markets. Routine tasks that were once carried out by humans are now 18 by machines with remarkable ef
17、ficiency. While this automation has increased productivity and reduced errors, it has also 19 concerns about job displacement and the need for upskilling.The education sector has not been immune to technological advancements either. Online learning platforms and digital resources have 20 traditional
18、 classroom settings. This shift offers flexibility in learning, but it also requires learners to possess strong 21 skills to navigate digital environments effectively.Communication has been revolutionized by technology as well. Social media platforms enable instantaneous global 22 , connecting peopl
19、e across borders. However, the rapid spread of information in the digital age has 23 challenges related to misinformation and privacy breaches.Healthcare has witnessed the integration of technology through telemedicine and remote monitoring. While these innovations improve access to medical services
20、, they also raise questions about the 24 of personal health data and the potential loss of the human touch in patient care.In the realm of creativity, technology has opened new avenues for artistic expression. Digital art, virtual reality experiences, and interactive storytelling have 25 boundaries
21、in the creative world. However, concerns linger about the 26 of originality and the potential loss of tangible artistic experiences.The environment benefits from technology through innovations in renewable energy and resource management. Yet, the 27 footprint of electronic devices and the challenge
22、of electronic waste management underscore the 28 implications of the digital revolution.In conclusion, technologys far-reaching influence touches every aspect of our lives. Its 29 can be both empowering and concerning. To navigate this complex landscape, individuals, businesses, and policymakers mus
23、t work together to harness the potential of technology while addressing its 30 challenges.16. A. incrementalB. revolutionaryC. gradualD. minimal17. A. profoundB. superficialC. theoreticalD. casual18. A. substitutedB. enhancedC. abandonedD. detected19. A. suppressedB. triggeredC. alleviatedD. sparked
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