包头市常见绿化树种体内与生境土壤中重金属元素含量的相关分析研究-唐力.docx
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1、 分 类 号 U D C S725.1 635 学校代码 10129 学 号 08203041 包头市常见绿化树种体内与生境土壤中 重金属元素含量的相关分析研究 Study on the Correlation Analysis of the Content of Heavy Metal Element in Common Greening Tree Species and Habitat Soil 申 请 人 : 唐 力 学科门类:农学 学科专业:园林植物与观赏园艺 研究方向:园林植物与人居环境 指导教师:常金宝教授 论文提交日期:二 _年五月 摘 要 随着中国工业生产的高速发展,城市及其周
2、边地区环境正日益受到各种环境胁迫 因子的威胁,其中重金属元素污染就是城市人居环境的主要污染物质之一。本论文研 宄了典型工业城市包头市 11个典型样地的土壤重金属污染状况、园林绿地常见树种 叶片与枝条中重金属元素的分布与累积及土壤和植物系统重金属元素累积分布的相 关关系。研宄结果表明: 1、 所测样地均有不同程度的重金属污染情况。 2、 土壤中重金属元素 Cu、 Zn、 Cr、 Pb、 Ni之间互为极显著正相关关系。其中, Cr和 Ni在显著性水平 0.01上相关,且相关系数为 0.967; Zn和 Cr在显著性水平 0.01 上相关,相关系数为 0.942; Zn和 Cu在显著性水平 0.01
3、上相关,相关系数为 0.941。 3、 在常绿针叶树种中,樟子松对重金属元素 Cu、 Cr、 Pb、 Ni的富集量为各个 样地内的最低值,说明樟子松对重金属元素富集能力最弱。 4、 杜松、油松、圆柏、云杉体内重金属 Cu、 Zn、 Cr的分布为枝条 叶片。 5、 在落叶阔叶树种中,对 Cu富集量较高的植物有国槐、刺槐和山桃;对 Zn富 集量较高的植物有小叶杨、新疆杨、家榆、垂柳、河北杨;对 Cr富集量较高的植物 有加杨、沙枣、刺槐、卫矛、桑树;对 Pb富集量较高的植物有沙枣、榆树、小叶杨 ; 对 Ni富集量较 高的植物有家榆、沙枣、小叶杨、山桃、垂柳、龙爪槐。 6、 对重金属元素 Cu富集系数
4、较大的植物是:刺槐、皂角、杜松;对重金属元素 Zn富集系数较大的植物是:河北杨、垂柳、云杉;对重金属元素 Cr富集系数较大的 植物是:刺槐和杜松;对重金属元素 Pb富集系数较大的植物是:刺槐、杜松和油松; 对重金属元素 Ni富集系数较大的植物是:油松和杜松。 7、 各个样地中灌木树种对重金属平均富集量顺序依次为: ZnCuCrPbNi。 8、 乔木树种中, Zn和 Pb在油松的枝条和叶片中富集程度与土壤中 Zn和 Pb的 含量成正比, Cu、 Cr和 Ni成反比; Cu、 Zn和 Pb在新疆杨的枝条和叶片中富集程度 与土壤中的 Cu、 Zn和 Pb的含量成正比, Ni成反比; Cu、 Zn和
5、Ni在山桃的枝条和叶 片中富集程度与土壤中 Cu、Zn和 Ni的含量成正比,与 Cr成反比。 9、 花灌木树种中, Zn、 Pb和 Ni在紫丁香的枝条和叶片中富集程度与土壤中 Zn、 Pb和 Ni的含量成正比,与 Cu成反比; Cr在珍珠梅的枝条和叶片中富集程度与土壤 中 Cr的含量成正比,与 Cu、 Zn、 Pb、 Ni成反比; Zn和 Cr在玫瑰的枝条和叶片中富 集程度与土壤中 Zn和 Cr的含量成正比,与 Cu和 Ni成反比。 关键词: 重金属元素;富集特性;富集系数;绿化树种;相关分析研宄 Study on the Correlation Analysis of the Content
6、 of Heavy Metal Element in Common Greening Tree Species and Habitat Soil Abstract With the rapid development of Chinese industrial production, The city and its surrounding area environment is increasingly by various environmental stress factor, however, heavy metal elements is one of the main pollut
7、ants of urban livingenvironment pollution. This thesis research the present situation of heavy metal elements pollution of soils, distribution and accumulation of heavy metal elements pollution of leaves and branches of urban landscape greenery space, distribution and accumulation of the correlation
8、 analysis of heavy metal elements of soil and plant system of 11 typical type places in typical industrial Baotou. the results show that: 1. The typical type places have different degrees of heavy metals pollution situation. 2. Heavy metals in soil of Baotou have a significant correlation between ea
9、ch other.The correlation coefficient was 0.967 and a-level was 0.01 between Cr and Ni. The correlation coefficient was 0.942 and a-level was 0.01 between Zn and Cr. The correlation coefficient was 0.941 and a-level was 0.01 between Zn and Cu. 3.In evergreen conifer study,the accumulated amount of Cu
10、、 Cr、 Pb、 Ni、 of Pinus syivestris var. Mongolica is the lowest in places. The accumulation abilityof Pinus syivestris var. is the lowest in places. 4.The distribution of heavy metal elements Cu、 Zn、 Cr branchleaf department in Juniperus rigida、 Pinus tabulaeformis、 Sabina chinensis、 Picea asperata M
11、ast. 5.In the study of deciduous broadleaved trees,the accumulated amount of Cu have higher eves of Sophora japonica L.、 Robinia Pseudoacacia L. and Prunus davidiana Franch ;The accumulated amount of Zn have higher levels of Populus simonii Carr 、 P.bolleana、 Ulmuspumila、 Salix babylonica、 Populus h
12、opeiensis Hu; The accumulated amount of Cr have higher levels of Populus canadensis、 Elaeagnus angustifolia、 Robinna Pseudoacacia、 Crataegus pinnatifida、 Euonymus bungeanus; The accumulated amount of Pb have higher levels of Elaeagnus angustifolia、Ulmus pumila、 Populus simonii Carr; The accumulated
13、amount of Ni have higher levels of Ulmus pumila、 Elaeagnus angust/folia、 Populus simonii Carr、 Prunus davidiana、 Salix babylonica、 Pendula lond. 6.The plants which have high heavy metal Cu accumulated coefficient were Robinia Pseudoacacia、 Gleditsia sinensis、 Juniperus rigida;The plants which have h
14、igh heavy metal Zn accumulated coefficient were Populus hopeiensis、 Salix babylonica、Picea asjeiiia Mast.;The plants which have high heavy metal Cr accumulated coefficient were Robinia Pseudoacacia、 rigida:Jhe plants which have high heavy metal Pb accumulated coefficient were Robinia Pseudoacacia、 J
15、uniperus rigida、 Pinus tabulaeformis;The plants which have high heavy metal Ni accumulated coefficient were Juniperus rigida、 Pinus tabulaeformis. 7.Results showed that the accumulated amount of heavy metals of shrubs decreased in the order of ZnCuCrPbNi. 8.In arbors, Zn and Pb are directly proporti
16、onal and Cu、 Cr、 and Ni are inversely proportional to the accumulated degree of branches and leaves of Pinus tabulaeformis and soil. Cu、 Zn and Pb are directly proportional and Ni are inversely proportional to the accumulated degree of branches and leaves of Pbolleana and soil. Cu、 Zn and Ni are dir
17、ectly proportional and Cr are inversely proportional to the accumulated degree of branches and leaves of Prunus davidiana and soil. 9.In shrubs, Zn、 Pb and Ni are directly proportional and Cu are inversely proportional to the accumulated degree of branches and leaves of Seringa oblata Zindl. and soi
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