初一英语第七讲There be 句型及句型转换专题.docx
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1、第七讲:There be 句型及句型转换专题语法专题详解There be句型There be 句型的用法:表示某个地方存在某物或某人,Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。(单数is 复数are )如:There is a table in the room.房间里有一张桌子。There are some birdsin the tree.树上有很多鸟。一、There be 句型的结构:1.常见句型结构(一)There is+单数可数+地点状语如:There is a ruler on the desk. 书桌上有一把尺。 (二)There are+复数主语+地点状语 如:There are
2、 four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。There are some flowers in the park. 公园里有许多花。(三)there is + 不可数名词 +地点状语 (即使有some 也是 单数)如:There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。 (水是不可数名词)2.There be选择就近原则:There be句型的就近原则是There be句型中语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数决定。如:There is a pen, two books and many
3、pencils on the desk. (在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔,但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen,因此,be动词用单数is。)二、There be 句型的疑问句及回答(一)There be 句型的疑问 1. 在“There is/are.”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。2. 肯定回答为:Yes, there is/are.3. 否定回答为: No, there isnt/arent. 如:可数名词单数1.肯定句There isan apple on the tree.疑问句Is therean apple
4、 on the tree?肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isnt.可数名词复数2.肯定句There arefive pens on the desk.疑问句Are therefive pens on the desk?肯定回答: Yes, there are. 否定回答 No, there arent.不可数名词的时候 3.肯定句There is somewater in the cup. (水是不可数名词)否定句Is there anywater in the cup?肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn
5、t.(二)There be 句型的特殊疑问句:There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化:对主语提问:当主语是人时,用Whos+介词短语?;当主语是物时,用Whats + 介词短语?。(注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。)对地点状语提问:提问地点用Where is / are+主语?对数量提问:一般有两种句型结构:How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语?How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?如:How many people are there in the picture? Ho
6、w much water is therein the bottle ?三、There be 句型的否定形式There be 句型的否定:否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可,is not =isnt are not= arent但要注意的是句中如果出现some则改成any.1.Thereisa knife in the kitchen. 否定:Thereis nota knife in the kitchen.2.Therearefive apples on the tree. 否定:Thereare notfive apples on the tree.3.There is somewa
7、ter in the bottle. 否定:Thereis not anywater in the bottle.4.Thereare somebirds singing in the tree.否定:Thereare notanybirds singing in the tree.专题练习及答案一、选择题1. _ a reading lamp on the table.A. There is B. There has C. It is D. It has2. What a rainy summer weve had!Yes, there_ only 3 sunny weekends the
8、whole summer.A. have been B. are C. had been D. has been3. I didnt want _ to be a war between these two countries.A. it B. them C. there D. their4. There is reported _a number of the wounded on both sides.A. to be B. being C. was D. will be5. _ no coffee left, they had to make do with tea.A. It bein
9、g B. There being C. It was D. There was6. There is a little hope of _ a settlement of the argument.A. to be B. there to be C. there being D. being7. I dont expect there _ any misunderstanding.A. is B. to be C. being D. will be8. There are five pairs_, but Im at a loss which to buy.A. to choose B. to
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