2024届山东省临沂市高三下学期一模考试英语试题含答案.pdf
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1、2024 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(模拟模拟)英语英语 2024.3本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分 120 分。考试用时分。考试用时 120 分钟。分钟。注意事项:注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上
2、,写在本试卷用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分阅读阅读(共两节,满分共两节,满分 50 分分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AEYLEAConsumer Brief SummaryThis summary contains risk and safety information for patients about EYLEA.It
3、does not include all theinformation and does not take the place of talking to your eye doctor.What is EYLEA?EYLEAis a medicine that works by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),which can cause fluidto leak into the macula(视网膜黄斑).What is EYLEA used for?EYLEAis indicated for the treatmen
4、t of patients with:Macular Edema Following Retinal Vein Occlusion(RVO)Diabetic Macular Edema(DME)Diabetic Retinopathy(DR)How is EYLEAgiven?EYLEAis an injection(注射)administered by eye doctor and the injections are given on different schedules.Confirm with your doctor which schedule is appropriate.Wha
5、t are the most common side effects of EYLEA?Eye painLight sensitivityIncreased eye rednessFor more possible side effects,ask your eye doctor.You are encouraged to report negative side effects ofprescription drugs to the FDA.Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch,or call1-800-FDA-1088.What should I tell my eye d
6、octor before receiving EYLEA?Infections in or around the eyeEye pain or rednessBeing allergic to any ingredients in EYLEABeing or planning to be pregnantWhere can I learn more about EYLEA?For a more comprehensive review of EYLEA safety and risk information,talk to your health care provider andsee th
7、e full information at EYLEA.com.1.Who is the passage intended for?A.Eye doctors.B.Medicine students.C.Drug researchers.D.Patients with eye conditions.2.How can you learn more about EYLEA?A.Visit EYLEA.com.B.Call1-800-FDA-1088.C.Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch.D.Talk to a medical professor.3.What is this
8、text?A.Amedical report.B.An introduction to a book.C.Ahealthcare contract.D.Apiece of medical instructions.BWatford and her family have lived in Curtis Bay,Baltimore for generations.Her community has facedenvironmental injustice.Heavy industries continued to move in her community.As a result,her nei
9、ghbors have had tolive with serious respiratory(呼吸的)problems.When she knew a plan to build the nations largest trash-burning incinerator(焚化炉)less than a mile away fromher high school,she realized she had to take action.The incinerator was being sold wrongly as clean,renewableenergy equipment but act
10、ually it would be a source of brain-damaging chemicals and would release 200 million tonsof greenhouse gases per year,both worse than coal burning.Watford felt she had a responsibility to warn hercommunity to work together to shut this plant down.She co-founded Free Your Voice(FYV),a 10-person stude
11、nt organization devoted to community rights andsocial justice.Together,they decided to start a campaign to take down Energy Answers,the incinerators developer.They went door-to-door talking to neighbors and organizing protests.When it was discovered that Baltimore City Public Schools(BCPS)was going
12、to be a customer of EnergyAnswers,the organization fought with the board and presented their case,urging BCPS to withdraw from the project.BCPS was convinced to cancel their contract,which in turn inspired 22 other customers to do the same.Without anyfinancial gain,Energy Answers had no market to mo
13、ve forward with its plan.Watford continues to work with Curtis Bay residents toward fair development.They have a vision for the futurewhich includes building a zero-waste movement,a solar farm,and green jobs.She wants the entire human family tojoin the fight for environmental justice because surviva
14、l as a species depends on our ability to take action.4.What caused respiratory problems in Watfords community?A.Poor medical care.B.Terrible environmental conditions.C.Constant bacterial infection.D.Unbalanced distribution of resources.5.What is Watfords attitude to building the incinerator?A.Unfavo
15、urable.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Indifferent.6.What was the result of their campaign?A.BCPS lost financial support.B.Energy Answers stopped its plan.C.The investors found new market.D.Many customers revised their contracts.7.What would be the best title for the text?A.Ateenage hero against urban pollut
16、ionB.Ateenage hero fighting for an advanced cityC.Abattle for Baltimores sky by a teenage heroD.The social justice challenge for a teenage heroCHumans work hard to avoid viruses.Sick people are isolated,diseased animals are killed and fields of infectedcrops are fired up.Reviving(复活)an ancient virus
17、 would surely be a disaster.But a new study led by Fiddamanfrom Oxford,challenges this conventional wisdom.It shows how the revival ofan ancient virus can unlock the secrets of its evolution.The virus in the study is Mareks disease virus(MDV),killing more than 90%of chickens.Yet when it wasdiscovere
18、d in 1907,MDV rarely caused death.Dr Fiddaman wondered whether its new-found virulence(毒性)was a result of large structural changes.To findout,he and his colleagues got their hands on nearly 1,000 chicken bones from ancient times across Europe and Asia,some of them up to 2000 years old.Sections of DN
19、Afrom these remains were mapped on to the ones of todays virus.As the authors pieced together the sets of genes of ancient MDV,however,they noticed that the genes werearranged identically to those in modern species.It suggests that the increased virulence resulted not from largestructural changes,bu
20、t from point mutations(突变).In particular,changes had occurred in the arrangement of a genecalled MEQ,which has an essential role in tumour(肿瘤)formation.This discovery suggests that the ancient MDV may not have been able to cause tumours.To test this assumption,Dr Fiddaman followed up with a daring e
21、xperiment.He made the ancient form of the MEQ gene and shoot it intoliving chicken cells.It did not turn on any of the genes associated with tumour formation.In comparison,a modernMEQ gene quickly showed its tendency to cause tumours.By combining ancient and modern genetic biology,the methods pionee
22、red in the paper reveal how,and moreimportantly why,any virus mutates.That could help scientists tackle other viruses that pull on the purse-strings offarmers by designing new vaccines(疫苗),for instance or even to work out how to prevent another globalpandemic.8.What is widely acknowledged about the
23、revival of an ancient virus?A.It is a challenging task.B.It reveals the virus evolution.C.It means a disaster for humans.D.It helps people fight diseases.9.What caused the virulence change of MDV?A.Point mutations in MEQ.B.The occurrance of a new gene.C.The reproduction of the ancient MDV.D.Large st
24、ructural changes in modern species.10.How did Dr Fiddaman test the assumption?A.By investigating a typical case.B.By conducting a field survey.C.By studying the related theories.D.By doing a comparative experiment.11.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Viruses weaken gradually when they muta
25、te.B.The finding throws light on handling other viruses.C.Aglobal pandemic requires a world effort to end it.D.Farmers will face more complex challenges than before.DWhenAmerican anthropologist Colin Turnbull published The Mountain People in 1972,he referred to hissubjects a Ugandan group called the
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