2019版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions(含解析)新人教版选修8.doc
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1、1UnitUnit 3 3 InventorsInventors andand inventionsinventions李仕才 一、阅读理解。Angry men appear to gain influence in a group,but angry women lose influence,according to a new study.Researchers from Arizona State University(ASU)published their findings in the journal Law and Human Behavior.Jessica Salerno is
2、 a psychologist and was coauthor of the study.The findings suggest that“women might not have the same opportunity for influence when they express anger”.The study found that when men expressed their opinion with anger,participants rated them as more believable.But when women expressed anger,they wer
3、e viewed as more emotional and,thus,less convincing.In other words,a man could benefit from using anger in power and persuasion.A woman,however,could be ignored or hurt by her group if she expressed anger.The study was based on the responses of 210 students.They were shown evidence and photographs o
4、nline from a real murder trial.A man was said to have murdered his wife.The students were asked to decide if the man was guilty or not.Before making their decision,the students discussed the case online with five jurors(陪审员).But these were not real jurors:They were computers making responses and com
5、ments back to the students.Some of the fake jurors had male identities. Others had female identities.Some male jurors were angry about the judgment.When this happened,the students reacted by doubting their own decisions about the case.Confidence in their responses on the judgment “dropped obviously,
6、”said the study.But,when female jurors seemed angry,the student participants“became obviously more confident in their original judgments,”the study found.The study could have wider importance.“Our results have implications(启示)for any woman who is trying to have influence on a decision in their workp
7、lace 2and everyday lives,”said Salerno.She added that in a political debate,a female candidate might have less influence if she shows anger.1.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Powerful Men Must Be Those Who Often Get AngryB.Women,be Careful Not to Turn Angry EasilyC.Angry Men Win Influence
8、 While Angry Women LoseD.Angry Women Are Not Unfit for Leaders While Men Are2.The underlined word“rated”in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by“_.”A.forgaveB.ignoredC.regardedD.praised3.How did the students react to the female jurors anger with their judgments?A.They more firmly stuck to their judgments.B
9、.They began to doubt about their judgments.C.They gave up their judgments willingly.D.They had to change their judgments.4.If a woman politician wants to have more influence,shed better_.A.always keep smilingB.avoid losing her temperC.become angryD.give orders firmly参考答案: 1.C; 2.C; 3.A; 4.B解析: 1.主旨大
10、意题。本文讨论的话题是生气的男人更有影响力,而生气的女人却会减少 影响力。由主题段第一段得出。 2.词义猜测题。研究发现,当男人用气愤的方式表达意见时,参与者认为他们更可信。rate 此处的意思是“认为”,与 regard 同义。 3.细节理解题。试验中,如果女陪审员对学生的判断生气,学生会更坚信自己的判断。由第 五段最后一句得出。 4.细节理解题。女政治家要想获得更大的影响力,不要生气发火。由第六段 She added that in a political debate,a female candidate might have less influence if she shows an
11、ger 得出。 二、单句语法填空31Some people say that classical music _(associate) only with old people.答案:is associated be associated with . “与有关” 。2Though we are living a better life, I cant bear _(see) food thrown away.答案:seeing cant bear doing . “不能忍受做某事” 。3What was it that distinguished her _her classmates?答案
12、:from distinguish . from . “把与区分/辨别开” 。4We must always bear in mind _China is a big country with a huge population.答案:that bear in mind that . “记住” 。5The service offers young people _(practice) advice on finding a job.答案:practical 此处应用形容词修饰其后的名词 advice。practical “实用的;实际的;实践的” 。6We all have an _(expe
13、ct) that he can pass the driving test next week.答案:expectation 由空前的冠词可知应填名词。7In my opinion, only by facing difficulties bravely and _ (seize) opportunities can one succeed.答案:seizing 该句为“only状语”位于句首引起倒装的句式。face 与 seize 为and 连接的两个并列成分,且均作 by 的宾语,故由 facing 可知应填 seizing。8It was not until she got home _
14、 Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.答案:that 该句为含有 not until 的强调句。由该句型“It is/wasnot until .that其他”可知,应填 that。9She _(tap) me on the shoulder but I didnt feel it.答案:tapped 由 but 连接并列成分可知,设空处动词在句中作谓语;且后面并列句的谓语为 didnt .,所以空格处也应用一般过去时,应填 tapped。10Prices of daily goods _ (buy) through a computer can b
15、e lower than store prices.答案:bought 过去分词短语在句中作后置定语修饰 goods。三、完形填空。4阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I am a social worker.I wanted to tell everyone about my very dear friend who passed away a few months ago.I met him many years ago while doing my internship(实习期)in the country prison.He
16、 was _1_ a program he had designed to help prisoners with drug and alcohol problems.He was always _2_ new ways to bring hope and help to these men and their _3_.One of his favorite _4_ was the Toy Drive.He would run every Christmas for the children of the prisoners.He did this for twenty years _5_ h
17、is sudden death.As last Christmas _6_,I decided that this tradition had to be _7_,for the children as well as the _8_ of my friend.But the file where he kept the names of the people who had been helped by him over the years was _9_.I had to start anew(重新) and with very little _10_!I started making p
18、hone calls,explaining about the project and my _11_.I prayed every night that the event would,_12_,be worthy of my friend.To my great _13_,individuals,churches and businesses began to come on board and,_14_,I had enough toys to give to all the children of the prisoners with some left over for the lo
19、cal community _15_!When Christmas Eve finally arrived,I felt very happy,thinking I had done all I could do and reflecting on what a(n) _16_ it had been for me.I was bagging up the remaining toys _17_ if there was anyone left who might like them.Then my phone rang.It was my daughter.She _18_ to expla
20、in about a woman she knew in Kentucky who had five children,one seriously ill,no husband,no heating in the home,no toys!Oh!How could we not?My daughter and I drove all night,from New York to Kentucky, and those children woke up in a nice warm house with plenty of _19_!My friends _20_ of kindness liv
21、ed on that year,reaching all the way to Kentucky!1A.recording BattendingCdirecting Dimproving2A.putting up with Bcoming up withCkeeping up with Dcatching up with53A.group BfamilyCcompany Dclub4A.events BsportsChobbies Dgames 5A.after BsinceCbecause Duntil6A.arrived BfollowedCapproached Dfinished7A.c
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