2018年中考英语试题分项版解析汇编(第03期)专题10阅读理解(任务型阅读)(含解析).pdf
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1、阅读理解(任务型阅读)1.【2018年浙江省金华】阅读下面短文,根据文中信息完成一张海报。每空限填三词Do in g Cl ean Ex er cis eWhen y o u go fo r a r u n o u t s ide,chan ces ar e t hat y o u,11 fin d l it t er al l ar o u n d y o u.Do y o u ju s tgo p as t it,o r do y o u s t o p an d p ick it u p?If y o u cho o s e t he s eco n d,y o u,r e p ar t
2、 o f t he l at es tp o p u l ar s p o r t in t he Wes t:p l o ggin g.T he w o r d“l o ggin g“is t he S w edis h p hr as e“p l o ck a u p p”(p ick u p)an d t he En gl is hw o r d“Jo ggin gv(r u n n in g s l o w l y)p u t t o get her.What a p l o gger n eeds is a r u bbis h bag an d a p air o f gl o v
3、 es t o p r o t ect y o u r han ds.Whil e co l l ect in gr u bbis h,l o gger s l ear n t o cl as s ify (分类)an d deal w it h it co r r ect l y,t o o.Pl o ggin g s eems s imp l e bu t it do es a l o t o f go o d t o bo t h t he en v ir o n men t an d y o u r heal t h.It cann o t o n l y mak e t he w o
4、 r l d gr een er,bu t al s o get y o u fu l l bo dy ex er cis e,Fo r ex amp l e,a 30-min u t el o ggin g bu r n s ar o u n d 288 cal o r ies (卡路里),co mp ar ed t o 235 cal o r ies bu r n ed fr o m ju s t jo ggin g.S o n ex t t ime y o u go o u t jo ggin g,w hy n o t car r y a r u bbis h bag an d co l
5、 l ect s o me l it t er al o n g t hew ay?Yo u r bo dy an d t he en v ir o n men t w il l t han k y o u.Let,s go 56!T he l at es t p o p u l ar s p o r t!Ju s t n eed 57 an d a p air o f gl o v es!Co r r ect l y cl as s ify an d 58 t he r u bbis h!It,s s imp l e bu t hel p fu l t o 59 an d y o u r b
6、o dy!Mak e t he w o r l d 60 an d y o u r s el f a l o t heal t hier!Jo in u s n o w!T he w o r l d s ay s T HANK YOU!【答案】56.p l o ggin g/do in g cl ean ex er cis e57.a r u bbis h bag58.deal w it h59.t he en v ir o n men t60.gr een er/mo r e beau t ifu l【解析】文章介绍了一种新型的健身跑步方式。在外出健身跑步的同时,随身带上垃圾袋,沿途捡垃圾。
7、这种新型的慢跑方式简单易行,既美化了环境又锻炼了身体。5 6.短文的标题Doing”C:ean”三 xerc.做清洁:运动,是作者所倡导的一种健身与保护环境与一体的新型慢跑方式。结合第一段中的句子If you choose the second,you re part of the latest popular sport:n the West:p:oggmg:可知,如果选怪停下来捡垃圾,就是现在西方一种最新流行的慢跑方式,故答案为ploggmg doing clean exercise057.根据文中句子“What a p l o gger n eeds is a r u bbis h ba
8、g an d a p air o f gl o v es t o p r o t ect y o u rhan ds.”一个慢跑者需要的是一个垃圾袋和一双用来保护手的手套。故答案为a r u bbis h bag。5 8.根据文中句子“Whil e co l l ect in g r u bbis h,l o gger s l ear n t o cl as s ify (分类)an d deal w it h itco r r ect l y,t o o.”可知,在收集垃圾的同时,跑步者也学会正确分类和处理垃圾。故答案为deal w it h。59.根据文中句子“Pl o ggin g s
9、eems s imp l e bu t it do es a l o t o f go o d t o bo t h t he en v ir o n men t an dy o u r heal t h.可知,这种新型的慢跑方式简单易行,既美化了环境又锻炼了身体,故答案为.t heen v ir o n men t o60.根据文中句子“It can n o t o n l y mak e t he w o r l d gr een er,bu t al s o get y o u fu l l bo dy ex er cis e.它不仅能让世界更绿,还能让你全身锻炼。故答案为gr een
10、er。2.【2018年甘肃省白银】阅读下面的文章并按要求完成1至5小题。Ro o t Veget abl esWo u l d y o u l ik e t o eat a r o o t?Yo u p r o babl y al r eady hav e.Peo p l e an d an imal s eat man y k in dso f r o o t s.Mo s t r o o t s t hat p eo p l e eat ar e u s u al l y cal l ed r o o t v eget abl es.A r o o t v eget abl e isw h
11、at w e cal 1 v eggies t hat gr o w u n der gr o u n d.A car r o t is o n e t y p e o f r o o t v eget abl e.It is t he o r an ge,edibl e r o o t o f t he car r o t p l an t.t o,man y,in,l ik e,p eo p l e,s al ad,p u t,it(.)A t u r n ip ,is an o t her r o o t v eget abl e.It isa member o f t he cabba
12、ge famil y.T u r n ip s ar e u s u al l y eat en bo il ed,s t eamed,r o as t ed,fr ied,p ick l ed,o r ev en r aw.Al t ho u gh s o me p eo p l e do n o t co n s ider p o t at o es t o be a v eggie,bu t t hey ar e a r o o t v eget abl e.Peo p l e l ik e t o eat t hem mas hed,bo il ed,an d fr ied.S w e
13、et p o t at o es,y ams,beet s,an d l eek s ar es o me o t her r o o t v eget abl es t hat p eo p l e l ik e t o eat.6 6.将文中处画线句子翻译为汉语。67.将文中处画线单词连词成句,标点符号已在括号内给出。68.文中处画线句子有一处错误,改正并抄写。69.What is t his s t o r y mo s t l y abo u t?70.What,is a r o o t v eget abl e?【答案】6 6.人们所食用的大部分根菜通常被叫做根菜类蔬菜。(答案符合本
14、意即可酌情给分)67.Man y p eo p l e l ik e t o p u t it in s al ad.68.Al t ho u gh s o me p eo p l e do n o t co n s ider p o t at o es t o be a v eggie,t hey ar e a r o o t v eget abl e.69.Ro o t v eget abl es p eo p l e e a t.(答案符合本意即可酌情给分)70.A r o o t v eget abl e is w hat w e cal l v eggies t hat gr o w
15、 u n der gr o u n d.(答案符合本意即可酌情给分)【解析】文章介绍了根茎类蔬菜。66.根据 Mo s t r o o t s t hat p eo p l e eat 这是定语从句结构,先行词是Mo s t r o o t s,弓|导词 t h a t 在从句中作宾语;a r e u s u a lly ca lled通常被叫做;故答案是:人们所食用的大部分根菜通常被叫做根菜类蔬菜。67.根据所给词,可知句意是:许多人喜欢把它放在沙拉里。li ke t o do 喜欢做某事;p u t -i n 把-放到 里面;故答案是 Ma n y p eo p le li ke t o
16、p u t i t i n s a la d.68.根据 根t h o u g h 和 bu t 不能连用;故答案是 案t h o u g h s o m e p eo p le do n o t co n s i der p o t a t o es t o be av eg g i e,t h ey a r e a r o o t v eg et a ble.69 .根据文章介绍了根茎类蔬菜。故答案是Ro o t v eg et a bles p eo p le ea t.70 .根据 A r o o t v eg et a ble i s w h a t w e ca ll v eg g
17、 i es t h a t g r o w u n der g r o u n d.根菜就是长在地下的菜;故答案是 A r o o t v eg et a ble i s w h a t w e ca ll v eg g i es t h a t g r o w u n der g r o u n d.3.1 2 0 1 8年河北省中考】阅读短文,并按要求完成66-70 题。A r t i f i ci a l i n t elli g en ce(A I)(人工智能)i s g r o w i n g r a p i dly.W e a r e li v i n g i n a w o r
18、ld t h a tdep en ds m o r e a n d m o r e o n A I.A I i s a g r o u p o f t ech n o lo g i es t h a t h elp m a ch i n es g et,u n der s t a n da n d u s e i n f o r m a t i o n t o do t a s ks.A I s r ecen t dev elo p m en t s h a v e g o t a lo t o f s o ci a l a t t en t i o n.So m e p eo p le h
19、a v e w elco m ed A lbeca u s e i t m a kes t h i n g s p o s s i ble.F o r ex a m p le,A l w i ll h a v e a bi g i n f lu en ce o n a r ea s li ke m edi ci n ea n d en g i n eer i n g.B u t t h i s a t t en t i o n h a s a ls o p r o du ced a lo t o f f ea r.E s p eci a lly,m a n y w o r ker sa r e
20、 w o r r y i n g t h a t A I co u ld m a ke t h em lo s e t h ei r jo bs.A cco r di n g t o a r ecen t s t u dy,n ea r ly f i v e p er cen t o f jo bs w i ll di s a p p ea r beca u s e o f A I.In s o m ei n du s t r i es,A I i s a lr ea dy do i n g t h e w o r k t h a t p eo p le u s ed t o do,s u c
21、h a s a s s em bli n g (装 酉 己)ca r s,digging the coal and lifting goods.Self-driving cars and trucks controlled by AI will also takeaway the driver s jobs in the future.O n the other hand,AI will also create many new jobs for people.M ore people will be neededto write programmers for AI systems(系统)a
22、nd they will set up and work on them,too.M eanwhile,jobs that require feelings,excellent communication skills with people will not be replaced(取代)by AI.These includes jobs in fields like teaching,nursing and personal training.AI is here.It is changing how people live and work in many ways.That makes
23、 AI importantto watch,not to fear.66、67题完成句子;68题简略回答问题;69题找出并写下第二段的主题句;70题将问中画线句子译成汉语。36.AI is that help machines to do tasks.37.controlled by AI may make the drivers lose their jobs.38.What will AI create for people?39.40.【答案】36.a group of technologies37.Cars and trucks.38.M any new jobs.39.AI s re
24、cent developments have got a lot of social attention.40.它在许多方面改变着人们的生活和工作方式。【解析】试题分析:这篇说明文介绍了人工智能系统,它是帮助机器获取、理解和使用信息来完成任务的一组技术,会为人们创造许多新的工作机会,也在很多方面改变着人们的生活和工作方式。36.句意:人工智能是帮助机器获取、理解和使用信息来完成任务的一组技术。考查细节理解题。根据第一段结尾 AI is a group of technologies that help machines get,understand and use information to
25、do tasks.,可知填 a group of technologieso37.句意:由人工智能控制可能会使司机失去工作。考查细节理解题。根据Self-driving cars andtrucks controlled by AI will also take away the driver,s jobs in the future.,可知填 Cars andtrucks,o38.句 意:AI会为人们创造什么?考查细节理解题。根据O n the other hand,Al will also create manyn ew jo bs f o r p eo p le.,可知填 Ma n y
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